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The mania around Hagarism (Crone & Cook 1977) dissipated faster than its meteoric rise, when scholars realized its questionable and manipulative methodology and the double standards applied of doubting the Islamic narratives and blindly trusting alternative narratives(#). The failure of Hagarism opened the door to others to try their luck, ranging from the wild (e.g., Yehuda Nevo and his fantastical theory of the emergence of Islam in the Negev in Palestine) to the spectacular (Stephen Shoemaker’s theory of Islam as a movement of urgent eschatological belief).

(#) See, for instance, R. Stephen Humphreys, Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry (London: I.B. Tauris, 1991), 84–85.

Yehuda Nevo and Judith Koren, Crossroads to Islam: The Origins of the Arab Religion and the Arab State (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2003).

Stephen J. Shoemaker, The Death of a Prophet: The End of Muhammad’s Life and the Beginnings of Islam (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012).




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